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FAQs on banking APIs
The abbreviation API stands for Application Programming Interface and refers to a technology that enables data exchange between IT systems. Via API calls, a system can request and receive data from another system in a standardised format. Banking APIs form the basis for banks to carry out various operations, such as KYC (Know Your Customer) processes to verify customers' identities during onboarding.
An Open Banking API is primarily used by financial institutions to securely and standardised connect financial service providers (like account aggregators) to their banking systems. Banks provide their own APIs so that third-party providers (TPPs) like FinTech companies can access financial data and use it outside the online banking environment. This information may consist of financial information and bank account data.
In the EU, these APIs must comply with the Regulatory Technical Standards (RTS) set by the European Banking Authority. Furthermore, only authorised companies are entitled to use Open Banking APIs. All open banking service providers, including AISPs (Account Information Service Providers), PISPs (Payment Initiation Service Providers), and account-holding payment service providers, are monitored by national supervisory authorities.
PSD2 is a directive in Europe that was adopted by the EU in November 2015. This directive guarantees consumers full control over their data. In the context of open banking, this means that account holders alone decide whether to share data (account data, banking data, and transaction data) with AISPs or PISPs. Strong Customer Authentication (SCA) is an important aspect of the PSD2 directive, ensuring extra authentication steps to complete online transactions.
Open Banking originally focused on payment transactions and current/cash accounts. However, its scope is constantly expanding, and in some countries, savings and debit card accounts are now also included.
When additional financial products are made accessible via APIs, this is called Open Finance. This includes APIs for mortgages, loans, pensions, custody accounts, trading accounts, and other financial services.
The integration of real estate data for financial institutions offers a number of advantages. The most common are:
- Improved banking customer experience and advisory capabilities
- Being able to craft customised financial services and personalised banking customer journeys
- Efficiency, speed and accuracy in the loan origination and monitoring process
- Better detection and management of credit risks thanks to underwriting APIs
- Accurate assessment of asset value
- Strengthening the ESG strategy of banks through better integration of ESG and climate data
- Promoting sustainable practices in property investments
Improved regulatory compliance, e.g. with the EBA guidelines on loan origination and monitoring through enhanced property valuation